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|
DCM DRUG
FORMULARY
Download /
Printable Version (*.pdf)
Mouse |
Rat |
Guinea Pig
| Ferret |
Rabbit
| Dog |
Swine
| Bat |
Frog
| Fish |
Macaque
(NHP)
MOUSE
SEDATIVES, TRANQUILZERS AND DISSOCIATIVES (RESTRAINT ONLY)
USED FOR NON-INVASIVE, NON-PAINFUL PROCEDURES ONLY
|
DRUG |
DOSE |
ROUTE |
FREQUENCY |
COMMENTS |
|
Valium |
5 mg/kg |
IP |
|
Also an anti-epileptic drug |
|
Acepromazine |
2-5 mg/kg |
IP, SQ |
|
|
|
Medetomidine |
30-100 mcg/kg |
IP, SQ |
|
Reversible* |
|
Atipamezole*
(Antisedan) |
0.1-1 mg/kg |
IP, SQ |
|
Reverses Medetomidine for faster
recovery |
GENERAL
ANESTHESIA SURVIVAL PROCEDURES
|
DRUG |
DOSE |
ROUTE |
FREQUENCY |
COMMENTS |
|
Ketamine and Xylazine
|
80-100 mg/kg
5-10 mg/kg |
IP, same syringe |
Redose
as needed at 1/3 the original dose of
ketamine only |
20-40 minute duration |
|
Cocktail 1 |
0.08-0.1 ml / 10 gm |
IP, same syringe |
Redose
as needed at 1/3 the original dose of
ketamine only |
20-40 minute duration |
|
Ketamine and Xylazine and
Acepromazine |
30 mg/kg
6 mg/kg
2-4 mg/kg |
IP, same syringe |
|
30-50 minute duration |
|
Ketamine and
Medetomidine |
50-75 mg/kg
1 mg/kg |
IP, same syringe
|
|
20-30 minute duration;
Minor surgical procedures only |
|
Pentobarbital |
40-85 mg/kg |
IP |
|
20-40 minute duration;
Low margin of safety;
Unreliable anesthesia |
|
Isoflurane |
3-5% Induction
1-3%Maintenance |
Inhalation |
|
Requires precision vaporizer2;
Vaporizer calibration required annually3; Waste
anesthetic gases must be scavenged4 |
1Cocktail: Mix
1.0 ml of Ketamine 100 mg/ml, 0.5 ml of Xylazine 20 mg/ml, and 8.5 ml
sterile saline/sterile water in an appropriate container (total resultant
volume is 10.0 ml). Administer 0.08-0.1 ml per 10 grams of body weight.
Label the mixture with the following: Mouse Cocktail, drug components,
date cocktail was made and an expiration date (earliest expiration date of
the components).
2
Survival procedures requires the use of a precision vaporizer for
Isoflurane gas delivery. The DCM has rodent Isoflurane machines that can be
rented for a nominal fee. Bell jars may be used for ultra-short
non-survival procedures. The animals may not come into contact with the
Isoflurane and the use of a chemical fume hood is required.
3
To facilitate vaporizer calibration, the DCM coordinates annually
with an outside vendor. This is typically scheduled in October of each
year. Investigators are welcome to drop off their vaporizers in the DCM for
calibration. The cost of the service is shared amongst the
investigators.
4
For the GUACUC or DCM policy on scavenging waste gases,
please refer to
GENERAL ANESTHESIA
NON-SURVIVAL PROCEDURES
|
DRUG |
DOSE |
ROUTE |
FREQUENCY |
COMMENTS |
|
Carbon Dioxide |
70% |
Inhalation in Chamber |
Single use |
For very acute, NON-SURVIVAL PROCEDURES
only such as, terminal cardiac puncture; Compressed gas only
approved source |
|
Chloral Hydrate1 |
400 mg/kg |
IP |
Single use |
Narrow margin of safety;
60-120 minute duration |
|
Avertin1,2
(Tribromoethanol) |
240 mg/kg
or
0.2 ml / 10 gm of 1.25%
concen. |
IP
|
Single use |
15-45 minute duration; Unreliable
anesthesia; Storage is important ** |
1Due to the
reported adverse effects of these drugs, they are not recommended for use in
survival surgeries. Use of these agents for survival procedures must be
scientifically justified and approved by the GUACUC.
2Avertin is no
longer available as a pharmaceutical grade powder,
it is only available in a chemical grade formulation. Therefore, there may
be contaminants and inconsistencies in formulation from manufacturer to
manufacturer and also from batch to batch. As a result, the anesthesia from
Avertin is unpredictable. It is unpredictable
in both its ability to induce a surgical plane of anesthesia and in its
duration of anesthesia. Recent evidence has suggested that lethal batches
of Avertin mixes are not due to the storage of
the mixed solution, but due to inappropriate storage of the pre-mixed
powder.
ANALGESICS (PAIN
RELIEVERS)
|
DRUG |
DOSE |
ROUTE |
nbsp; USED FOR
NON-INVASIVE, NON-PAINFUL PROCEDURES ONLY
|
Acepromazine |
2.5 mg/kg |
SQ, IM, IP |
|
|
|
Medetomidine |
0.1 0.5 mg/kg |
IP, SQ |
|
Reversible* |
|
Atipamezole*
(Antisedan) |
0.1 - 1.0 mg/kg |
SQ, IP |
|
Reverses
Medetomidine for faster recovery |
|
Ketamine and
Acepromazine |
75 mg/kg and
2.5 mg/kg |
SQ, IP |
|
|
GENERAL ANESTHESIA
SURVIVAL PROCEDURES
|
DRUG |
DOSE |
ROUTE |
FREQUENCY |
COMMENTS |
|
Ketamine and Xylazine |
40 90 mg/kg
5 10 mg/kg
|
IP
|
Redose as
needed at 1/3 the original dose of ketamine
only |
20-40 minute duration |
|
Cocktail1 |
0.4 0.5 ml per 100 gram |
IP |
Redose as
needed at 1/3 the original dose of ketamine
only |
20-40 minute duration |
|
Ketamine and Xylazine and Acepromazine2 |
30 - 35 mg/kg
6 mg/kg
1 2 mg/kg
|
SQ |
Redose as
needed at Ό - 1/3 the original dose |
30 40 minute duration |
|
Ketamine and Medetomidine |
60 - 75 mg/kg
1.0 - 0.5 mg/kg |
IP |
|
20-30 minute duration;
Minor surgical procedures only |
|
Pentobarbital |
30 50 mg/kg |
IP |
|
20-40 minute duration;
Low margin of safety;
Unreliable anesthesia |
|
Isoflurane |
3-5% Induction
1-3%Maintenance |
Inhalation |
|
Requires precision
vaporizer3; Vaporizer calibration required annually4;
Waste anesthetic gases must be scavenged5 |
1 Mix 1.5 ml of
Ketamine 100 mg/ml, 1.0 ml of Xylazine 20 mg/ml, and 7.5 ml sterile
saline/sterile water in a sterile multi-dose vial (total resultant volume is
10.0 ml). Administer 0.4 0.5 ml per 100 grams of body weight. Label the
mixture with the following: Rat Cocktail, drug components, date cocktail
was made and an expiration date (earliest expiration date of the
components).
2 Mix 2.5 ml of
Ketamine 100 mg/ml, 2.5 ml of Xylazine 20 mg/ml, 1.0 ml
Acepromazine 10 mg/ml and 4 ml sterile water/sterile saline in a
sterile multi-dose vial (total resultant volume is 10.0 ml). Administer
0.125 ml/100 gram body weight for light to moderate surgical procedures and
0.15 ml/100 gram body weight for extensive surgical procedures.
Redose at Ό to 1/3 the original dose to extend
duration of anesthesia.
3
Survival procedures requires the use of a precision vaporizer for
Isoflurane gas delivery. The DCM has rodent Isoflurane machines that can be
rented for a nominal fee. Bell jars may be used for ultra-short
non-survival procedures. The animals may not come into contact with the
Isoflurane and the use of a chemical fume hood is required.
4
To facilitate vaporizer calibration, the DCM coordinates annually
with an outside vendor. This is typically scheduled in October of each
year. Investigators are welcome to drop off their vaporizers in the DCM for
calibration. The cost of the service is shared amongst the
investigators.
5
For the GUACUC or DCM policy on scavenging waste gases,
please refer to
GENERAL ANESTHESIA
NON-SURVIVAL SURGERIES
|
DRUG |
DOSE |
ROUTE |
FREQUENCY |
COMMENTS |
|
Chloral Hydrate |
300 450 mg/kg |
IP |
|
Very low margin of safety (LD50 = 500
mg/kg); documented to cause ileus and
peritonitis in rats |
|
Equithesin |
|
IP |
|
|
|
Carbon Dioxide |
70% |
Inhalation in Chamber |
Single use |
For very acute, NON-SURVIVAL PROCEDURES
only such as, terminal cardiac puncture; Compressed gas only
approved source |
ANALGESICS (PAIN
RELIEVERS)
|
DRUG |
DOSE |
ROUTE |
FREQUENCY |
COMMENTS |
|
Buprenorphine |
0.01 0.05 mg/kg |
SQ |
Every 8 -12 hours |
Opioid; Pica
observed at higher doses |
|
Butorphanol |
2 mg/kg |
SQ |
Every 4 hours |
Opioid |
|
Morphine |
2 5 mg/kg |
SQ |
Every 2 4 hours |
Opioid |
|
Bupivicaine |
2 mg/kg
Maximum dosage |
ID, SQ |
Once |
Administered as a local block; drug is
administered ID or SQ along the incision line, typically prior to
the incision |
|
Carprofen |
5 10 mg/kg |
PO, SQ |
Every 12 hours |
NSAID |
|
Ketoprofen |
5 mg/kg |
SQ |
Every 24 hours |
NSAID |
|
Aspirin |
100 mg/kg |
PO |
Every 4 hours |
NSAID |
|
Banamine |
2.5 mg/kg |
SQ |
Every 12-24 hours |
NSAID |
|
Meloxicam |
0.5 mg/kg |
PO, SQ |
Every 12-24 hours |
NSAID |
|
Acetominophen |
110 300 mg/kg |
PO |
Every 12 hours |
Antiinflammatory |
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GUINEA PIG
SEDATIVES, TRANQUILZERS
AND DISSOCIATIVES (RESTRAINT ONLY)
USED FOR
NON-INVASIVE, NON-PAINFUL PROCEDURES ONLY
|
DRUG |
DOSE |
ROUTE |
FREQUENCY |
COMMENTS |
|
Acepromazine |
0.5 1.0 mg/kg |
SQ, IM |
|
|
|
Medetomidine |
0.5 mg/kg |
IM |
|
Reversible* |
|
Atipamezole*
(Antisedan) |
0.1 - 1.0 mg/kg |
IM, IP, SQ |
|
|
|
Valium |
0.5 3 mg/kg |
IM |
|
Also an antiepileptic drug |
GENERAL ANESTHESIA
SURVIVAL PROCEDURES
|
DRUG |
DOSE |
ROUTE |
FREQUENCY |
COMMENTS |
|
Ketamine and Xylazine |
40 60 mg/kg
2 5 mg/kg |
IP |
|
Lower end of range for sedation, higher
end of ranges for light moderate surgical procedures |
|
Ketamine and Medetomidine |
40 mg/kg
0.5 mg/kg |
IM, IP |
|
|
|
Ketamine and
Acepromazine |
25 55 mg/kg
0.75 3.0 mg/kg |
IP, SQ, IM |
|
Sedation to Minor procedures only |
|
Ketamine and
Midazolam
and
Butorphanol |
5 20 mg/kg
0.25 0.5 mg/kg
0.2 0.5 mg/kg |
IM, IV |
|
|
|
Isoflurane |
3% - 5% Induction
1% - 3% Maintenance |
Inhalation |
|
Requires precision vaporizer1;
Vaporizer calibration required annually2; Waste
anesthetic gases must be scavenged3 |
|
Tiletamine/Zolazepam
and Xylazine
and Butorphanol |
60 mg/kg
5 mg/kg
0.1 mg/kg |
IP
IM |
|
Mix Tiletamine/Zolazepam
and xylazine in same syringe, give IP;
60 100 minute duration |
|
Pentobarbital |
20 40 mg/kg |
IP |
| | |
